ADVERB — KATA KETERANGAN: Pengertian, Jenis, Fungsi, Contoh, dan Cara Menggunakannya

B. Di awal kalimat

Yesterday, I visited my grandmother.
Kemarin, saya mengunjungi nenek saya.

Fortunately, nobody was hurt.
Untungnya, tidak ada seorang pun yang terluka.

C. Di tengah kalimat

She always studies at night.
Dia selalu belajar pada malam hari.

He is usually late.
Dia biasanya terlambat.

18. Perbedaan Adjective dan Adverb

Ini salah satu bagian yang sangat penting.

Adjective

Menjelaskan noun/pronoun.

She is a careful student.

careful = adjective
Menjelaskan student.

Artinya:

Dia adalah siswa yang hati-hati.

Adverb

Menjelaskan verb.

She studies carefully.

carefully = adverb
Menjelaskan studies.

Artinya:

Dia belajar dengan hati-hati.

Perbandingan

19. Contoh Perbandingan

1.

He is a slow runner.
Dia adalah pelari yang lambat.

He runs slowly.
Dia berlari dengan lambat.

2.

She is a careful driver.
Dia adalah pengemudi yang hati-hati.

She drives carefully.
Dia mengemudi dengan hati-hati.

3.

He is a good singer.
Dia adalah penyanyi yang baik.

He sings well.
Dia bernyanyi dengan baik.

⚠️ Perhatikan:

good → well

Bukan:

❌ He sings good.

Untuk konteks tata bahasa baku:

✅ He sings well.

20. Adverb dalam Simple Present Tense

Adverb sangat sering digunakan dalam Simple Present Tense, terutama untuk menunjukkan kebiasaan.

Pola:

Subject + adverb of frequency + verb

Contoh:

I always drink milk.
Saya selalu minum susu.

She usually goes to school by bus.
Dia biasanya pergi ke sekolah dengan bus.

They often play badminton.
Mereka sering bermain bulu tangkis.

21. Adverb dalam Simple Past Tense

Adverb juga digunakan untuk menjelaskan waktu pada masa lalu.

Contoh:

I visited Bali yesterday.
Saya mengunjungi Bali kemarin.

She went to Jakarta last week.
Dia pergi ke Jakarta minggu lalu.

They arrived late.
Mereka tiba terlambat.

22. Adverb dalam Future Tense

Contoh:

I will visit you tomorrow.
Saya akan mengunjungimu besok.

She will probably come next week.
Dia mungkin akan datang minggu depan.

They will arrive soon.
Mereka akan segera tiba.

23. Ringkasan Jenis Adverb

24. Contoh Analisis Kalimat

Kalimat 1

Rina always studies English carefully at home.

Artinya:

Rina selalu belajar bahasa Inggris dengan hati-hati di rumah.

Adverb:

• always → frequency
• carefully → manner
• at home → place

Kalimat 2

My father arrived late yesterday.

Artinya:

Ayah saya tiba terlambat kemarin.

Adverb:

• late → manner/time-related usage
• yesterday → time

Kalimat 3

She is very happy today.

Artinya:

Dia sangat bahagia hari ini.

Adverb:

• very → degree
• today → time

25. Latihan A — Identifikasi Adverb

Tentukan kata yang merupakan adverb dalam kalimat berikut.

1. She sings beautifully.
2. I always wake up early.
3. They played football yesterday.
4. Please sit here.
5. He runs quickly.
6. The test is very easy.
7. We usually eat breakfast at seven.
8. She speaks English fluently.
9. My brother is extremely tired.
10. They are playing outside.

Kunci Jawaban

1. beautifully
2. always, early
3. yesterday
4. here
5. quickly
6. very
7. usually
8. fluently
9. extremely
10. outside

26. Latihan B — Pilih Jawaban yang Benar

1. She sings ______.

A. beautiful
B. beautifully
C. beauty
D. beautify

Jawaban: B. beautifully

Pembahasan:
Kata sings adalah verb. Kita membutuhkan kata yang menjelaskan bagaimana dia bernyanyi. Maka digunakan adverb beautifully.

2. He ______ goes to school by bicycle.

A. always
B. beautiful
C. careful
D. quick

Jawaban: A. always

Pembahasan:
Kalimat menunjukkan kebiasaan. Always adalah adverb of frequency yang berarti selalu.

3. They arrived ______.

A. yesterday
B. happy
C. careful
D. beautiful

Jawaban: A. yesterday

Pembahasan:
Yesterday menunjukkan kapan mereka tiba, sehingga termasuk adverb of time.

4. Please come ______.

A. quick
B. here
C. happy
D. careful

Jawaban: B. here

Pembahasan:
Here menunjukkan tempat, yaitu “di sini”. Jadi termasuk adverb of place.

5. She is ______ tired.

A. very
B. carefully
C. yesterday
D. outside

Jawaban: A. very

Pembahasan:
Very menjelaskan tingkat adjective tired. Jadi very merupakan adverb of degree.

6. He drives ______.

A. careful
B. carefully
C. care
D. caring

Jawaban: B. carefully

Pembahasan:
Yang dijelaskan adalah verb drives, sehingga kita membutuhkan adverb. Carefully berarti “dengan hati-hati”.

7. I ______ watch television at night.

A. usually
B. beautiful
C. careful
D. happy

Jawaban: A. usually

Pembahasan:
Usually menunjukkan frekuensi suatu kegiatan.

8. The students are playing ______.

A. outside
B. beautiful
C. happy
D. careful

Jawaban: A. outside

Pembahasan:
Outside menunjukkan tempat berlangsungnya kegiatan.

9. He works ______.

A. hard
B. hardly
C. harderly
D. hardness

Jawaban: A. hard

Pembahasan:
Work hard berarti bekerja keras.
Hardly memiliki arti berbeda, yaitu hampir tidak.

10. She speaks English ______.

A. fluent
B. fluently
C. fluency
D. more fluent

Jawaban: B. fluently

Pembahasan:
Fluently menjelaskan bagaimana seseorang berbicara bahasa Inggris.

27. Latihan C — Lengkapi Kalimat

Gunakan kata berikut:

always – carefully – yesterday – here – quickly – very – usually – outside – well – tomorrow

1. She runs ______.
2. I visited my uncle ______.
3. Please wait ______.
4. He ______ studies at night.
5. The students are playing ______.
6. She sings ______.
7. My father will come ______.
8. Please drive ______.
9. I am ______ tired.
10. We ______ go to school at 7 a.m.

Jawaban

1. quickly
2. yesterday
3. here
4. always
5. outside
6. well
7. tomorrow
8. carefully
9. very
10. usually

28. Latihan D — Tentukan Jenis Adverb

Tentukan apakah kata yang dicetak tebal termasuk Manner, Time, Place, Frequency, atau Degree.

1. She walks slowly.
2. I met him yesterday.
3. Come here.
4. He always helps me.
5. She is very beautiful.
6. They arrived late.
7. The children are playing outside.
8. I usually drink tea.
9. He speaks quietly.
10. The movie was extremely interesting.

Kunci Jawaban

1. Slowly → Manner
2. Yesterday → Time
3. Here → Place
4. Always → Frequency
5. Very → Degree
6. Late → Time
7. Outside → Place
8. Usually → Frequency
9. Quietly → Manner
10. Extremely → Degree

29. Kesimpulan

Adverb = kata keterangan.

Adverb digunakan untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang bagaimana, kapan, di mana, seberapa sering, atau seberapa kuat suatu tindakan atau keadaan.

Lima jenis yang paling penting untuk siswa SMP:

1. Adverb of Manner
→ How?
→ slowly, quickly, carefully

2. Adverb of Time
→ When?
→ today, yesterday, tomorrow

3. Adverb of Place
→ Where?
→ here, there, outside

4. Adverb of Frequency
→ How often?
→ always, usually, often, sometimes, never

5. Adverb of Degree
→ How much?
→ very, too, quite, extremely

Rumus sederhana:

Subject + Verb + Adverb

She speaks slowly.

Subject + Adverb of Frequency + Verb

She always studies.

Subject + To Be + Adverb of Frequency + Adjective

She is always happy.

Subject + To Be + Adverb of Degree + Adjective

She is very happy.

Intinya:

Adjective menjelaskan noun, sedangkan adverb biasanya menjelaskan verb, adjective, adverb lain, atau keseluruhan kalimat.

Laman: 1 2