Degrees of Comparison: Pengertian, Jenis, Fungsi, dan Cara Menggunakan Positive, Comparative, dan Superlative

14. COMPARATIVE DENGAN LESS

Comparative juga dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan kurang.

Rumus:

less + adjective + than

Contoh:

This book is less interesting than that book.

Artinya:

Buku ini kurang menarik daripada buku itu.

Contoh lainnya:

My car is less expensive than your car.
Mobil saya kurang mahal daripada mobilmu.

English is less difficult than mathematics.
Bahasa Inggris kurang sulit daripada matematika.

15. SUPERLATIVE DENGAN THE LEAST

Untuk menyatakan paling tidak/yang paling kurang, gunakan:

the least + adjective

Contoh:

This is the least expensive bag.
Ini adalah tas yang paling tidak mahal.

This is the least difficult question.
Ini adalah pertanyaan yang paling tidak sulit.

16. CONTOH DALAM KALIMAT

Positive

1. The house is big.
2. Sinta is beautiful.
3. My father is tall.
4. The test is difficult.
5. The car is fast.

Comparative

1. This house is bigger than that house.
2. Sinta is more beautiful than Rina.
3. My father is taller than my uncle.
4. This test is more difficult than the previous test.
5. The car is faster than the motorcycle.

Superlative

1. This is the biggest house in the village.
2. Sinta is the most beautiful girl in the class.
3. My father is the tallest person in my family.
4. This is the most difficult question.
5. This is the fastest car in the race.

17. KATA-KATA YANG SERING DIGUNAKAN

Comparative

Biasanya digunakan bersama:

• than = daripada
• much = jauh
• far = jauh
• a little = sedikit
• slightly = sedikit

Contoh:

My house is much bigger than your house.
Rumah saya jauh lebih besar daripada rumahmu.

This bag is slightly cheaper than that bag.
Tas ini sedikit lebih murah daripada tas itu.

18. SUPERLATIVE DENGAN TEMPAT/GROUP

Superlative sering diikuti:

• in the class = di kelas
• in the school = di sekolah
• in the city = di kota
• in the world = di dunia
• of all = dari semuanya

Contoh:

Rudi is the tallest student in the class.

Jakarta is one of the biggest cities in Indonesia.

This is the most interesting story of all.

19. “ONE OF THE + SUPERLATIVE”

Pola penting lainnya:

Rumus:

one of the + superlative + plural noun

Artinya:

salah satu yang paling…

Contoh:

Bali is one of the most beautiful places in Indonesia.

Artinya:

Bali adalah salah satu tempat yang paling indah di Indonesia.

Perhatikan bahwa setelah one of the digunakan noun plural.

❌ one of the most beautiful place
✅ one of the most beautiful places

20. LATIHAN

A. Tentukan bentuk Comparative dan Superlative!

1. tall → ______ → ______
2. small → ______ → ______
3. big → ______ → ______
4. happy → ______ → ______
5. beautiful → ______ → ______
6. expensive → ______ → ______
7. good → ______ → ______
8. bad → ______ → ______
9. fast → ______ → ______
10. difficult → ______ → ______

Jawaban

1. tall → taller → the tallest
2. small → smaller → the smallest
3. big → bigger → the biggest
4. happy → happier → the happiest
5. beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful
6. expensive → more expensive → the most expensive
7. good → better → the best
8. bad → worse → the worst
9. fast → faster → the fastest
10. difficult → more difficult → the most difficult

21. LATIHAN PILIHAN GANDA

1. Rudi is _____ than Budi.
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest

Jawaban: B. taller

Pembahasan:
Ada than, sehingga membutuhkan comparative.

Rudi is taller than Budi.

2. Sinta is _____ girl in the class.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful
D. most beautiful

Jawaban: C. the most beautiful

Pembahasan:
Membandingkan Sinta dengan seluruh siswa perempuan di kelas, sehingga menggunakan superlative.

3. This car is _____ than that car.
A. expensive
B. more expensive
C. most expensive
D. the most expensive

Jawaban: B. more expensive

Pembahasan:
Expensive merupakan adjective panjang sehingga comparative menggunakan more.

4. This is _____ book in the library.
A. interesting
B. more interesting
C. the most interesting
D. most interesting

Jawaban: C. the most interesting

Pembahasan:
Ada perbandingan terhadap seluruh buku di perpustakaan → superlative.

5. Andi is _____ student in his class.
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. the best

Jawaban: D. the best

Pembahasan:
Good → better → the best merupakan irregular comparison.

22. KESALAHAN YANG SERING TERJADI

Salah 1

❌ She is more taller than me.

✅ She is taller than me.

Salah 2

❌ He is the most tallest student.

✅ He is the tallest student.

Salah 3

❌ This is beautifulest flower.

✅ This is the most beautiful flower.

Salah 4

❌ He is gooder than me.

✅ He is better than me.

Salah 5

❌ She is the most happiest girl.

✅ She is the happiest girl.

23. CARA MUDAH MENGINGAT

POSITIVE

Tidak membandingkan.

tall

COMPARATIVE

Membandingkan 2.

taller than
more beautiful than

SUPERLATIVE

Membandingkan 3 atau lebih.

the tallest
the most beautiful

Pola sederhananya:

ADJECTIVE PENDEK

tall → taller → the tallest

ADJECTIVE PANJANG

beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful

IRREGULAR

good → better → the best

24. TABEL RANGKUMAN LENGKAP

Kesimpulan

Degrees of Comparison = 3 tingkat perbandingan:

Positive → Comparative → Superlative

Contoh paling mudah:

tall → taller → the tallest
tinggi → lebih tinggi → paling tinggi

beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful
indah → lebih indah → paling indah

good → better → the best
baik → lebih baik → terbaik

Kunci utama:
Comparative = 2 hal + than
Superlative = 3 atau lebih + the

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