SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Pengertian, Rumus, Contoh, dan Terjemahan

1. Pengertian Simple Past Tense

Simple Past Tense adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan, kejadian, atau keadaan yang terjadi dan sudah selesai di masa lampau.

Contoh:

• I visited my grandmother yesterday.
  Saya mengunjungi nenek saya kemarin.
• She was very happy last night.
  Dia sangat bahagia tadi malam.

Kata keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan:

• yesterday = kemarin
• last night = tadi malam
• last week = minggu lalu
• last month = bulan lalu
• last year = tahun lalu
• two days ago = dua hari yang lalu
• an hour ago = satu jam yang lalu
• in 2020 = pada tahun 2020

2. Simple Past Tense Verbal

Digunakan jika kalimat menggunakan kata kerja (verb).

A. Kalimat Positif (+)

Rumus:

Subject + Verb 2 + Object/Complement

Contoh:

1. I studied English yesterday.
   Saya belajar bahasa Inggris kemarin.
2. She cooked dinner last night.
   Dia memasak makan malam tadi malam.
3. They played football yesterday.
   Mereka bermain sepak bola kemarin.
4. He went to school this morning.
   Dia pergi ke sekolah tadi pagi.
5. We watched a movie last night.
   Kami menonton film tadi malam.

3. Kalimat Negatif (-)

Rumus:

Subject + did not (didn’t) + Verb 1 + Object/Complement

⚠️ Setelah did/didn’t, kata kerja kembali ke Verb 1, bukan Verb 2.

Contoh:

1. I did not study English yesterday.
   Saya tidak belajar bahasa Inggris kemarin.
2. She didn’t cook dinner last night.
   Dia tidak memasak makan malam tadi malam.
3. They didn’t play football yesterday.
   Mereka tidak bermain sepak bola kemarin.
4. He didn’t go to school yesterday.
   Dia tidak pergi ke sekolah kemarin.
5. We didn’t watch a movie last night.
   Kami tidak menonton film tadi malam.

Perhatikan:

❌ She didn’t went to school.
✅ She didn’t go to school.

❌ They didn’t played football.
✅ They didn’t play football.

4. Kalimat Interogatif / Pertanyaan (?)

Rumus:

Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object/Complement?

Contoh:

1. Did you study English yesterday?
   Apakah kamu belajar bahasa Inggris kemarin?

   Yes, I did.
   Ya.

   No, I didn’t.
   Tidak.

2. Did she cook dinner last night?
   Apakah dia memasak makan malam tadi malam?
3. Did they play football yesterday?
   Apakah mereka bermain sepak bola kemarin?
4. Did he go to school yesterday?
   Apakah dia pergi ke sekolah kemarin?
5. Did you watch the movie?
   Apakah kamu menonton film tersebut?

5. WH-Question dalam Simple Past

Digunakan untuk membuat pertanyaan dengan What, Where, When, Why, Who, How.

Rumus:

WH-word + did + Subject + Verb 1…?

Contoh:

What did you do yesterday?
Apa yang kamu lakukan kemarin?

Where did she go last week?
Ke mana dia pergi minggu lalu?

When did they arrive?
Kapan mereka tiba?

Why did he leave early?
Mengapa dia pergi lebih awal?

How did you get there?
Bagaimana kamu sampai di sana?

6. Simple Past Tense Nominal

Simple Past juga digunakan untuk menyatakan keadaan, sifat, lokasi, atau identitas di masa lalu.

Untuk kalimat nominal, kita menggunakan:

WAS / WERE

Penggunaan Was dan Were

A. Kalimat Positif (+)

Rumus:

Subject + was/were + Complement

Contoh:

1. I was tired yesterday.
   Saya lelah kemarin.
2. She was happy last night.
   Dia bahagia tadi malam.
3. He was at school yesterday.
   Dia berada di sekolah kemarin.
4. We were busy yesterday.
   Kami sibuk kemarin.
5. They were very happy.
   Mereka sangat bahagia.

7. Kalimat Negatif Nominal (-)

Rumus:

Subject + was/were + not + Complement

Contoh:

1. I was not tired yesterday.
   Saya tidak lelah kemarin.
2. She was not happy.
   Dia tidak bahagia.
3. He wasn’t at school yesterday.
   Dia tidak berada di sekolah kemarin.
4. We weren’t busy yesterday.
   Kami tidak sibuk kemarin.
5. They weren’t angry.
   Mereka tidak marah.

8. Kalimat Tanya Nominal (?)

Rumus:

Was/Were + Subject + Complement?

Contoh:

Was she happy yesterday?
Apakah dia bahagia kemarin?

Was he at school?
Apakah dia berada di sekolah?

Were they busy yesterday?
Apakah mereka sibuk kemarin?

Were you tired?
Apakah kamu lelah?

Jawaban:

Yes, she was. = Ya, dia bahagia.

No, she wasn’t. = Tidak, dia tidak bahagia.

9. Regular Verb

Regular verb adalah kata kerja yang bentuk Verb 2-nya biasanya dibuat dengan menambahkan -ed atau -d.

Contoh:

I cleaned my room yesterday.
Saya membersihkan kamar saya kemarin.

She visited her grandmother last week.
Dia mengunjungi neneknya minggu lalu.

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