Past Perfect Continuous Tense: Pengertian, Fungsi, Rumus, Contoh, dan Cara Menggunakannya

8. Penggunaan FOR dan SINCE

FOR = selama

Digunakan untuk menyatakan lamanya waktu.

Examples:

I had been studying for two hours.
Artinya: Saya sudah belajar selama dua jam.

She had been living there for five years.
Artinya: Dia sudah tinggal di sana selama lima tahun.

They had been waiting for thirty minutes.
Artinya: Mereka sudah menunggu selama tiga puluh menit.

SINCE = sejak

Digunakan untuk menyatakan awal waktu.

I had been studying since 7 p.m.
Artinya: Saya sudah belajar sejak pukul 7 malam.

She had been working since Monday.
Artinya: Dia sudah bekerja sejak hari Senin.

They had been living there since 2020.
Artinya: Mereka sudah tinggal di sana sejak tahun 2020.

9. Kata Keterangan yang Sering Digunakan

Beberapa time expressions yang sering digunakan:

• for two hours = selama dua jam
• for three days = selama tiga hari
• for a long time = untuk waktu yang lama
• since Monday = sejak hari Senin
• since morning = sejak pagi
• since 2020 = sejak tahun 2020
• before = sebelum
• when = ketika
• until = sampai
• all day = sepanjang hari
• all morning = sepanjang pagi

10. Contoh dengan BEFORE

I had been studying for two hours before my father came home.

Artinya:
Saya sudah belajar selama dua jam sebelum ayah saya pulang.

Pola:

Kegiatan 1: had been studying
Kegiatan 2: came home

Contoh lain:

She had been cooking for an hour before the guests arrived.
Artinya: Dia sudah memasak selama satu jam sebelum para tamu tiba.

They had been playing football before it started raining.
Artinya: Mereka sudah bermain sepak bola sebelum hujan mulai turun.

We had been waiting for thirty minutes before the bus arrived.
Artinya: Kami sudah menunggu selama tiga puluh menit sebelum bus tiba.

11. Contoh dengan WHEN

When I arrived, they had been studying for two hours.

Artinya:
Ketika saya tiba, mereka sudah belajar selama dua jam.

Contoh:

When the teacher came, the students had been talking for ten minutes.
Artinya: Ketika guru datang, para siswa sudah berbicara selama sepuluh menit.

When his mother called, he had been sleeping for three hours.
Artinya: Ketika ibunya menelepon, dia sudah tidur selama tiga jam.

12. Perbedaan Past Perfect dan Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect

Subject + had + V3

Menekankan hasil atau tindakan yang sudah selesai.

I had studied for two hours before dinner.
Artinya: Saya sudah belajar selama dua jam sebelum makan malam.

Past Perfect Continuous

Subject + had been + V-ing

Menekankan proses atau durasi kegiatan.

I had been studying for two hours before dinner.
Artinya: Saya sudah belajar selama dua jam sebelum makan malam.

Perbedaannya:

Past Perfect → fokus pada hasil/selesai
Past Perfect Continuous → fokus pada proses/durasi

13. Contoh Verb

14. Contoh Kalimat Lengkap

Positive

1. I had been studying English for two hours.
   Saya sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama dua jam.
2. She had been cooking since morning.
   Dia sudah memasak sejak pagi.
3. They had been playing football for three hours.
   Mereka sudah bermain sepak bola selama tiga jam.
4. He had been working there since 2020.
   Dia sudah bekerja di sana sejak tahun 2020.
5. We had been waiting for the bus for thirty minutes.
   Kami sudah menunggu bus selama tiga puluh menit.

Negative

1. I had not been sleeping well.
   Saya belum tidur dengan baik.
2. She had not been studying for long.
   Dia belum belajar dalam waktu lama.
3. They had not been working all day.
   Mereka tidak bekerja sepanjang hari.
4. He had not been waiting for long.
   Dia belum menunggu lama.
5. We had not been playing football.
   Kami tidak sedang bermain sepak bola.

Interrogative

1. Had you been studying?
   Apakah kamu sudah belajar?
2. Had she been cooking?
   Apakah dia sudah memasak?
3. Had they been playing football?
   Apakah mereka sudah bermain sepak bola?
4. Had he been working there?
   Apakah dia sudah bekerja di sana?
5. Had you been waiting for me?
   Apakah kamu sudah menunggu saya?

15. Contoh Cerita Pendek

A Busy Morning

Rina had been studying English for two hours before her teacher arrived. She had been reading an English story and writing some new vocabulary. Her brother had been playing outside while she was studying. When the teacher arrived, Rina was ready for the lesson.

Artinya:

Rina sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama dua jam sebelum gurunya datang. Dia sudah membaca sebuah cerita bahasa Inggris dan menulis beberapa kosakata baru. Kakaknya sudah bermain di luar ketika dia sedang belajar. Ketika guru datang, Rina sudah siap untuk pelajaran.

16. Pola Singkat untuk Diingat

(+)

S + had been + V-ing

She had been studying.

(-)

S + had not been + V-ing

She had not been studying.

(?)

Had + S + been + V-ing?

Had she been studying?

WH-Question

WH + had + S + been + V-ing?

How long had she been studying?

⭐ Kunci Mudah Mengingat

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS = HAD BEEN + V-ING

Contoh utama:

I had been studying for two hours before my friend came.
Saya sudah belajar selama dua jam sebelum teman saya datang.

Jadi, kalau ingin menunjukkan kegiatan yang sudah berlangsung dalam durasi tertentu sebelum kejadian lain di masa lalu, gunakan Past Perfect Continuous.

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